Fred asked Joan."Would you lend me $2? I want to buy a lottery scratch–off. I'll pay you back tomorrow." She said." Sure. Just remember me if you win something." He bought a scratch–off. He used a dime to reveal the hidden numbers and symbols. He said. "Holy cow! Look at this!" He had won ũ,000. She said."Good for you!" The next day, Fred paid Joan back her $2. She said."You said you'd remember me if you won something." He said." No, I didn't. All I said was I 'd pay you back your $2. I didn't promise you part of any winnings." She said." If I hadn't lent You $2, you Wouldn't have won anything. don't you think you owe me half of your winnings?" He asked."What if the scratch–off had been a loser? Then I would have owed you only a dollar?half of my losings?"